FM / cffi

/usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/

/usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/cffi

Name	Size	Mode	Actions
__pycache__/	-	0755	rm
api.py	42064	0644	edit dl rm
backend_ctypes.py	42454	0644	edit dl rm
cffi_opcode.py	5724	0644	edit dl rm
commontypes.py	2689	0644	edit dl rm
cparser.py	44231	0644	edit dl rm
error.py	877	0644	edit dl rm
ffiplatform.py	4046	0644	edit dl rm
lock.py	747	0644	edit dl rm
model.py	21768	0644	edit dl rm
parse_c_type.h	5976	0644	edit dl rm
pkgconfig.py	4374	0644	edit dl rm
recompiler.py	64568	0644	edit dl rm
setuptools_ext.py	8931	0644	edit dl rm
vengine_cpy.py	43320	0644	edit dl rm
vengine_gen.py	26684	0644	edit dl rm
verifier.py	11207	0644	edit dl rm
_cffi_errors.h	3856	0644	edit dl rm
_cffi_include.h	14800	0644	edit dl rm
_embedding.h	17581	0644	edit dl rm
__init__.py	513	0644	edit dl rm

Edit: /usr/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/cffi/vengine_gen.py (26684B)

#
# DEPRECATED: implementation for ffi.verify()
#
import sys, os
import types

from . import model
from .error import VerificationError

class VGenericEngine(object):
    _class_key = 'g'
    _gen_python_module = False

def __init__(self, verifier):
        self.verifier = verifier
        self.ffi = verifier.ffi
        self.export_symbols = []
        self._struct_pending_verification = {}

def patch_extension_kwds(self, kwds):
        # add 'export_symbols' to the dictionary.  Note that we add the
        # list before filling it.  When we fill it, it will thus also show
        # up in kwds['export_symbols'].
        kwds.setdefault('export_symbols', self.export_symbols)

def find_module(self, module_name, path, so_suffixes):
        for so_suffix in so_suffixes:
            basename = module_name + so_suffix
            if path is None:
                path = sys.path
            for dirname in path:
                filename = os.path.join(dirname, basename)
                if os.path.isfile(filename):
                    return filename

def collect_types(self):
        pass      # not needed in the generic engine

def _prnt(self, what=''):
        self._f.write(what + '\n')

def write_source_to_f(self):
        prnt = self._prnt
        # first paste some standard set of lines that are mostly '#include'
        prnt(cffimod_header)
        # then paste the C source given by the user, verbatim.
        prnt(self.verifier.preamble)
        #
        # call generate_gen_xxx_decl(), for every xxx found from
        # ffi._parser._declarations.  This generates all the functions.
        self._generate('decl')
        #
        # on Windows, distutils insists on putting init_cffi_xyz in
        # 'export_symbols', so instead of fighting it, just give up and
        # give it one
        if sys.platform == 'win32':
            if sys.version_info >= (3,):
                prefix = 'PyInit_'
            else:
                prefix = 'init'
            modname = self.verifier.get_module_name()
            prnt("void %s%s(void) { }\n" % (prefix, modname))

def load_library(self, flags=0):
        # import it with the CFFI backend
        backend = self.ffi._backend
        # needs to make a path that contains '/', on Posix
        filename = os.path.join(os.curdir, self.verifier.modulefilename)
        module = backend.load_library(filename, flags)
        #
        # call loading_gen_struct() to get the struct layout inferred by
        # the C compiler
        self._load(module, 'loading')

# build the FFILibrary class and instance, this is a module subclass
        # because modules are expected to have usually-constant-attributes and
        # in PyPy this means the JIT is able to treat attributes as constant,
        # which we want.
        class FFILibrary(types.ModuleType):
            _cffi_generic_module = module
            _cffi_ffi = self.ffi
            _cffi_dir = []
            def __dir__(self):
                return FFILibrary._cffi_dir
        library = FFILibrary("")
        #
        # finally, call the loaded_gen_xxx() functions.  This will set
        # up the 'library' object.
        self._load(module, 'loaded', library=library)
        return library

def _get_declarations(self):
        lst = [(key, tp) for (key, (tp, qual)) in
                                self.ffi._parser._declarations.items()]
        lst.sort()
        return lst

def _generate(self, step_name):
        for name, tp in self._get_declarations():
            kind, realname = name.split(' ', 1)
            try:
                method = getattr(self, '_generate_gen_%s_%s' % (kind,
                                                                step_name))
            except AttributeError:
                raise VerificationError(
                    "not implemented in verify(): %r" % name)
            try:
                method(tp, realname)
            except Exception as e:
                model.attach_exception_info(e, name)
                raise

def _load(self, module, step_name, **kwds):
        for name, tp in self._get_declarations():
            kind, realname = name.split(' ', 1)
            method = getattr(self, '_%s_gen_%s' % (step_name, kind))
            try:
                method(tp, realname, module, **kwds)
            except Exception as e:
                model.attach_exception_info(e, name)
                raise

def _generate_nothing(self, tp, name):
        pass

def _loaded_noop(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
        pass

# ----------
    # typedefs: generates no code so far

_generate_gen_typedef_decl   = _generate_nothing
    _loading_gen_typedef         = _loaded_noop
    _loaded_gen_typedef          = _loaded_noop

# ----------
    # function declarations

def _generate_gen_function_decl(self, tp, name):
        assert isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType)
        if tp.ellipsis:
            # cannot support vararg functions better than this: check for its
            # exact type (including the fixed arguments), and build it as a
            # constant function pointer (no _cffi_f_%s wrapper)
            self._generate_gen_const(False, name, tp)
            return
        prnt = self._prnt
        numargs = len(tp.args)
        argnames = []
        for i, type in enumerate(tp.args):
            indirection = ''
            if isinstance(type, model.StructOrUnion):
                indirection = '*'
            argnames.append('%sx%d' % (indirection, i))
        context = 'argument of %s' % name
        arglist = [type.get_c_name(' %s' % arg, context)
                   for type, arg in zip(tp.args, argnames)]
        tpresult = tp.result
        if isinstance(tpresult, model.StructOrUnion):
            arglist.insert(0, tpresult.get_c_name(' *r', context))
            tpresult = model.void_type
        arglist = ', '.join(arglist) or 'void'
        wrappername = '_cffi_f_%s' % name
        self.export_symbols.append(wrappername)
        if tp.abi:
            abi = tp.abi + ' '
        else:
            abi = ''
        funcdecl = ' %s%s(%s)' % (abi, wrappername, arglist)
        context = 'result of %s' % name
        prnt(tpresult.get_c_name(funcdecl, context))
        prnt('{')
        #
        if isinstance(tp.result, model.StructOrUnion):
            result_code = '*r = '
        elif not isinstance(tp.result, model.VoidType):
            result_code = 'return '
        else:
            result_code = ''
        prnt('  %s%s(%s);' % (result_code, name, ', '.join(argnames)))
        prnt('}')
        prnt()

_loading_gen_function = _loaded_noop

def _loaded_gen_function(self, tp, name, module, library):
        assert isinstance(tp, model.FunctionPtrType)
        if tp.ellipsis:
            newfunction = self._load_constant(False, tp, name, module)
        else:
            indirections = []
            base_tp = tp
            if (any(isinstance(typ, model.StructOrUnion) for typ in tp.args)
                    or isinstance(tp.result, model.StructOrUnion)):
                indirect_args = []
                for i, typ in enumerate(tp.args):
                    if isinstance(typ, model.StructOrUnion):
                        typ = model.PointerType(typ)
                        indirections.append((i, typ))
                    indirect_args.append(typ)
                indirect_result = tp.result
                if isinstance(indirect_result, model.StructOrUnion):
                    if indirect_result.fldtypes is None:
                        raise TypeError("'%s' is used as result type, "
                                        "but is opaque" % (
                                            indirect_result._get_c_name(),))
                    indirect_result = model.PointerType(indirect_result)
                    indirect_args.insert(0, indirect_result)
                    indirections.insert(0, ("result", indirect_result))
                    indirect_result = model.void_type
                tp = model.FunctionPtrType(tuple(indirect_args),
                                           indirect_result, tp.ellipsis)
            BFunc = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
            wrappername = '_cffi_f_%s' % name
            newfunction = module.load_function(BFunc, wrappername)
            for i, typ in indirections:
                newfunction = self._make_struct_wrapper(newfunction, i, typ,
                                                        base_tp)
        setattr(library, name, newfunction)
        type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)

def _make_struct_wrapper(self, oldfunc, i, tp, base_tp):
        backend = self.ffi._backend
        BType = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
        if i == "result":
            ffi = self.ffi
            def newfunc(*args):
                res = ffi.new(BType)
                oldfunc(res, *args)
                return res[0]
        else:
            def newfunc(*args):
                args = args[:i] + (backend.newp(BType, args[i]),) + args[i+1:]
                return oldfunc(*args)
        newfunc._cffi_base_type = base_tp
        return newfunc

# ----------
    # named structs

def _generate_gen_struct_decl(self, tp, name):
        assert name == tp.name
        self._generate_struct_or_union_decl(tp, 'struct', name)

def _loading_gen_struct(self, tp, name, module):
        self._loading_struct_or_union(tp, 'struct', name, module)

def _loaded_gen_struct(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
        self._loaded_struct_or_union(tp)

def _generate_gen_union_decl(self, tp, name):
        assert name == tp.name
        self._generate_struct_or_union_decl(tp, 'union', name)

def _loading_gen_union(self, tp, name, module):
        self._loading_struct_or_union(tp, 'union', name, module)

def _loaded_gen_union(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
        self._loaded_struct_or_union(tp)

def _generate_struct_or_union_decl(self, tp, prefix, name):
        if tp.fldnames is None:
            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
        checkfuncname = '_cffi_check_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
        layoutfuncname = '_cffi_layout_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
        cname = ('%s %s' % (prefix, name)).strip()
        #
        prnt = self._prnt
        prnt('static void %s(%s *p)' % (checkfuncname, cname))
        prnt('{')
        prnt('  /* only to generate compile-time warnings or errors */')
        prnt('  (void)p;')
        for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in tp.enumfields():
            if (isinstance(ftype, model.PrimitiveType)
                and ftype.is_integer_type()) or fbitsize >= 0:
                # accept all integers, but complain on float or double
                prnt('  (void)((p->%s) << 1);' % fname)
            else:
                # only accept exactly the type declared.
                try:
                    prnt('  { %s = &p->%s; (void)tmp; }' % (
                        ftype.get_c_name('*tmp', 'field %r'%fname, quals=fqual),
                        fname))
                except VerificationError as e:
                    prnt('  /* %s */' % str(e))   # cannot verify it, ignore
        prnt('}')
        self.export_symbols.append(layoutfuncname)
        prnt('intptr_t %s(intptr_t i)' % (layoutfuncname,))
        prnt('{')
        prnt('  struct _cffi_aligncheck { char x; %s y; };' % cname)
        prnt('  static intptr_t nums[] = {')
        prnt('    sizeof(%s),' % cname)
        prnt('    offsetof(struct _cffi_aligncheck, y),')
        for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in tp.enumfields():
            if fbitsize >= 0:
                continue      # xxx ignore fbitsize for now
            prnt('    offsetof(%s, %s),' % (cname, fname))
            if isinstance(ftype, model.ArrayType) and ftype.length is None:
                prnt('    0,  /* %s */' % ftype._get_c_name())
            else:
                prnt('    sizeof(((%s *)0)->%s),' % (cname, fname))
        prnt('    -1')
        prnt('  };')
        prnt('  return nums[i];')
        prnt('  /* the next line is not executed, but compiled */')
        prnt('  %s(0);' % (checkfuncname,))
        prnt('}')
        prnt()

def _loading_struct_or_union(self, tp, prefix, name, module):
        if tp.fldnames is None:
            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
        layoutfuncname = '_cffi_layout_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)
        #
        BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked("intptr_t(*)(intptr_t)")[0]
        function = module.load_function(BFunc, layoutfuncname)
        layout = []
        num = 0
        while True:
            x = function(num)
            if x < 0: break
            layout.append(x)
            num += 1
        if isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion) and tp.partial:
            # use the function()'s sizes and offsets to guide the
            # layout of the struct
            totalsize = layout[0]
            totalalignment = layout[1]
            fieldofs = layout[2::2]
            fieldsize = layout[3::2]
            tp.force_flatten()
            assert len(fieldofs) == len(fieldsize) == len(tp.fldnames)
            tp.fixedlayout = fieldofs, fieldsize, totalsize, totalalignment
        else:
            cname = ('%s %s' % (prefix, name)).strip()
            self._struct_pending_verification[tp] = layout, cname

def _loaded_struct_or_union(self, tp):
        if tp.fldnames is None:
            return     # nothing to do with opaque structs
        self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)   # force 'fixedlayout' to be considered

if tp in self._struct_pending_verification:
            # check that the layout sizes and offsets match the real ones
            def check(realvalue, expectedvalue, msg):
                if realvalue != expectedvalue:
                    raise VerificationError(
                        "%s (we have %d, but C compiler says %d)"
                        % (msg, expectedvalue, realvalue))
            ffi = self.ffi
            BStruct = ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
            layout, cname = self._struct_pending_verification.pop(tp)
            check(layout[0], ffi.sizeof(BStruct), "wrong total size")
            check(layout[1], ffi.alignof(BStruct), "wrong total alignment")
            i = 2
            for fname, ftype, fbitsize, fqual in tp.enumfields():
                if fbitsize >= 0:
                    continue        # xxx ignore fbitsize for now
                check(layout[i], ffi.offsetof(BStruct, fname),
                      "wrong offset for field %r" % (fname,))
                if layout[i+1] != 0:
                    BField = ffi._get_cached_btype(ftype)
                    check(layout[i+1], ffi.sizeof(BField),
                          "wrong size for field %r" % (fname,))
                i += 2
            assert i == len(layout)

# ----------
    # 'anonymous' declarations.  These are produced for anonymous structs
    # or unions; the 'name' is obtained by a typedef.

def _generate_gen_anonymous_decl(self, tp, name):
        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
            self._generate_gen_enum_decl(tp, name, '')
        else:
            self._generate_struct_or_union_decl(tp, '', name)

def _loading_gen_anonymous(self, tp, name, module):
        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
            self._loading_gen_enum(tp, name, module, '')
        else:
            self._loading_struct_or_union(tp, '', name, module)

def _loaded_gen_anonymous(self, tp, name, module, **kwds):
        if isinstance(tp, model.EnumType):
            self._loaded_gen_enum(tp, name, module, **kwds)
        else:
            self._loaded_struct_or_union(tp)

# ----------
    # constants, likely declared with '#define'

def _generate_gen_const(self, is_int, name, tp=None, category='const',
                            check_value=None):
        prnt = self._prnt
        funcname = '_cffi_%s_%s' % (category, name)
        self.export_symbols.append(funcname)
        if check_value is not None:
            assert is_int
            assert category == 'const'
            prnt('int %s(char *out_error)' % funcname)
            prnt('{')
            self._check_int_constant_value(name, check_value)
            prnt('  return 0;')
            prnt('}')
        elif is_int:
            assert category == 'const'
            prnt('int %s(long long *out_value)' % funcname)
            prnt('{')
            prnt('  *out_value = (long long)(%s);' % (name,))
            prnt('  return (%s) <= 0;' % (name,))
            prnt('}')
        else:
            assert tp is not None
            assert check_value is None
            if category == 'var':
                ampersand = '&'
            else:
                ampersand = ''
            extra = ''
            if category == 'const' and isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
                extra = 'const *'
                ampersand = '&'
            prnt(tp.get_c_name(' %s%s(void)' % (extra, funcname), name))
            prnt('{')
            prnt('  return (%s%s);' % (ampersand, name))
            prnt('}')
        prnt()

def _generate_gen_constant_decl(self, tp, name):
        is_int = isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType) and tp.is_integer_type()
        self._generate_gen_const(is_int, name, tp)

_loading_gen_constant = _loaded_noop

def _load_constant(self, is_int, tp, name, module, check_value=None):
        funcname = '_cffi_const_%s' % name
        if check_value is not None:
            assert is_int
            self._load_known_int_constant(module, funcname)
            value = check_value
        elif is_int:
            BType = self.ffi._typeof_locked("long long*")[0]
            BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked("int(*)(long long*)")[0]
            function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
            p = self.ffi.new(BType)
            negative = function(p)
            value = int(p[0])
            if value < 0 and not negative:
                BLongLong = self.ffi._typeof_locked("long long")[0]
                value += (1 << (8*self.ffi.sizeof(BLongLong)))
        else:
            assert check_value is None
            fntypeextra = '(*)(void)'
            if isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
                fntypeextra = '*' + fntypeextra
            BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked(tp.get_c_name(fntypeextra, name))[0]
            function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
            value = function()
            if isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
                value = value[0]
        return value

def _loaded_gen_constant(self, tp, name, module, library):
        is_int = isinstance(tp, model.PrimitiveType) and tp.is_integer_type()
        value = self._load_constant(is_int, tp, name, module)
        setattr(library, name, value)
        type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)

# ----------
    # enums

def _check_int_constant_value(self, name, value):
        prnt = self._prnt
        if value <= 0:
            prnt('  if ((%s) > 0 || (long)(%s) != %dL) {' % (
                name, name, value))
        else:
            prnt('  if ((%s) <= 0 || (unsigned long)(%s) != %dUL) {' % (
                name, name, value))
        prnt('    char buf[64];')
        prnt('    if ((%s) <= 0)' % name)
        prnt('        sprintf(buf, "%%ld", (long)(%s));' % name)
        prnt('    else')
        prnt('        sprintf(buf, "%%lu", (unsigned long)(%s));' %
             name)
        prnt('    sprintf(out_error, "%s has the real value %s, not %s",')
        prnt('            "%s", buf, "%d");' % (name[:100], value))
        prnt('    return -1;')
        prnt('  }')

def _load_known_int_constant(self, module, funcname):
        BType = self.ffi._typeof_locked("char[]")[0]
        BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked("int(*)(char*)")[0]
        function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
        p = self.ffi.new(BType, 256)
        if function(p) < 0:
            error = self.ffi.string(p)
            if sys.version_info >= (3,):
                error = str(error, 'utf-8')
            raise VerificationError(error)

def _enum_funcname(self, prefix, name):
        # "$enum_$1" => "___D_enum____D_1"
        name = name.replace('$', '___D_')
        return '_cffi_e_%s_%s' % (prefix, name)

def _generate_gen_enum_decl(self, tp, name, prefix='enum'):
        if tp.partial:
            for enumerator in tp.enumerators:
                self._generate_gen_const(True, enumerator)
            return
        #
        funcname = self._enum_funcname(prefix, name)
        self.export_symbols.append(funcname)
        prnt = self._prnt
        prnt('int %s(char *out_error)' % funcname)
        prnt('{')
        for enumerator, enumvalue in zip(tp.enumerators, tp.enumvalues):
            self._check_int_constant_value(enumerator, enumvalue)
        prnt('  return 0;')
        prnt('}')
        prnt()

def _loading_gen_enum(self, tp, name, module, prefix='enum'):
        if tp.partial:
            enumvalues = [self._load_constant(True, tp, enumerator, module)
                          for enumerator in tp.enumerators]
            tp.enumvalues = tuple(enumvalues)
            tp.partial_resolved = True
        else:
            funcname = self._enum_funcname(prefix, name)
            self._load_known_int_constant(module, funcname)

def _loaded_gen_enum(self, tp, name, module, library):
        for enumerator, enumvalue in zip(tp.enumerators, tp.enumvalues):
            setattr(library, enumerator, enumvalue)
            type(library)._cffi_dir.append(enumerator)

# ----------
    # macros: for now only for integers

def _generate_gen_macro_decl(self, tp, name):
        if tp == '...':
            check_value = None
        else:
            check_value = tp     # an integer
        self._generate_gen_const(True, name, check_value=check_value)

_loading_gen_macro = _loaded_noop

def _loaded_gen_macro(self, tp, name, module, library):
        if tp == '...':
            check_value = None
        else:
            check_value = tp     # an integer
        value = self._load_constant(True, tp, name, module,
                                    check_value=check_value)
        setattr(library, name, value)
        type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)

# ----------
    # global variables

def _generate_gen_variable_decl(self, tp, name):
        if isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
            if tp.length_is_unknown():
                prnt = self._prnt
                funcname = '_cffi_sizeof_%s' % (name,)
                self.export_symbols.append(funcname)
                prnt("size_t %s(void)" % funcname)
                prnt("{")
                prnt("  return sizeof(%s);" % (name,))
                prnt("}")
            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp.item)
            self._generate_gen_const(False, name, tp_ptr)
        else:
            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp)
            self._generate_gen_const(False, name, tp_ptr, category='var')

_loading_gen_variable = _loaded_noop

def _loaded_gen_variable(self, tp, name, module, library):
        if isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):   # int a[5] is "constant" in the
                                              # sense that "a=..." is forbidden
            if tp.length_is_unknown():
                funcname = '_cffi_sizeof_%s' % (name,)
                BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked('size_t(*)(void)')[0]
                function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
                size = function()
                BItemType = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp.item)
                length, rest = divmod(size, self.ffi.sizeof(BItemType))
                if rest != 0:
                    raise VerificationError(
                        "bad size: %r does not seem to be an array of %s" %
                        (name, tp.item))
                tp = tp.resolve_length(length)
            tp_ptr = model.PointerType(tp.item)
            value = self._load_constant(False, tp_ptr, name, module)
            # 'value' is a <cdata 'type *'> which we have to replace with
            # a <cdata 'type[N]'> if the N is actually known
            if tp.length is not None:
                BArray = self.ffi._get_cached_btype(tp)
                value = self.ffi.cast(BArray, value)
            setattr(library, name, value)
            type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)
            return
        # remove ptr=<cdata 'int *'> from the library instance, and replace
        # it by a property on the class, which reads/writes into ptr[0].
        funcname = '_cffi_var_%s' % name
        BFunc = self.ffi._typeof_locked(tp.get_c_name('*(*)(void)', name))[0]
        function = module.load_function(BFunc, funcname)
        ptr = function()
        def getter(library):
            return ptr[0]
        def setter(library, value):
            ptr[0] = value
        setattr(type(library), name, property(getter, setter))
        type(library)._cffi_dir.append(name)

cffimod_header = r'''
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>   /* XXX for ssize_t on some platforms */

/* this block of #ifs should be kept exactly identical between
   c/_cffi_backend.c, cffi/vengine_cpy.py, cffi/vengine_gen.py
   and cffi/_cffi_include.h */
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
# include <malloc.h>   /* for alloca() */
# if _MSC_VER < 1600   /* MSVC < 2010 */
   typedef __int8 int8_t;
   typedef __int16 int16_t;
   typedef __int32 int32_t;
   typedef __int64 int64_t;
   typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
   typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
   typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
   typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
   typedef __int8 int_least8_t;
   typedef __int16 int_least16_t;
   typedef __int32 int_least32_t;
   typedef __int64 int_least64_t;
   typedef unsigned __int8 uint_least8_t;
   typedef unsigned __int16 uint_least16_t;
   typedef unsigned __int32 uint_least32_t;
   typedef unsigned __int64 uint_least64_t;
   typedef __int8 int_fast8_t;
   typedef __int16 int_fast16_t;
   typedef __int32 int_fast32_t;
   typedef __int64 int_fast64_t;
   typedef unsigned __int8 uint_fast8_t;
   typedef unsigned __int16 uint_fast16_t;
   typedef unsigned __int32 uint_fast32_t;
   typedef unsigned __int64 uint_fast64_t;
   typedef __int64 intmax_t;
   typedef unsigned __int64 uintmax_t;
# else
#  include <stdint.h>
# endif
# if _MSC_VER < 1800   /* MSVC < 2013 */
#  ifndef __cplusplus
    typedef unsigned char _Bool;
#  endif
# endif
#else
# include <stdint.h>
# if (defined (__SVR4) && defined (__sun)) || defined(_AIX) || defined(__hpux)
#  include <alloca.h>
# endif
#endif
'''

cmd: