FM / python3.9

/usr/lib64/python3.9

Name	Size	Mode	Actions
asyncio/	-	0755	rm
collections/	-	0755	rm
concurrent/	-	0755	rm
config-3.9-x86_64-linux-gnu/	-	0755	rm
ctypes/	-	0755	rm
curses/	-	0755	rm
dbm/	-	0755	rm
distutils/	-	0755	rm
email/	-	0755	rm
encodings/	-	0755	rm
ensurepip/	-	0755	rm
html/	-	0755	rm
http/	-	0755	rm
importlib/	-	0755	rm
json/	-	0755	rm
lib-dynload/	-	0755	rm
lib2to3/	-	0755	rm
logging/	-	0755	rm
multiprocessing/	-	0755	rm
pydoc_data/	-	0755	rm
site-packages/	-	0755	rm
sqlite3/	-	0755	rm
unittest/	-	0755	rm
urllib/	-	0755	rm
venv/	-	0755	rm
wsgiref/	-	0755	rm
xml/	-	0755	rm
xmlrpc/	-	0755	rm
zoneinfo/	-	0755	rm
__pycache__/	-	0755	rm
abc.py	4920	0644	edit dl rm
aifc.py	32605	0644	edit dl rm
antigravity.py	500	0644	edit dl rm
argparse.py	98119	0644	edit dl rm
ast.py	56256	0644	edit dl rm
asynchat.py	11321	0644	edit dl rm
asyncore.py	20102	0644	edit dl rm
base64.py	19859	0755	edit dl rm
bdb.py	31389	0644	edit dl rm
binhex.py	14784	0644	edit dl rm
bisect.py	2350	0644	edit dl rm
bz2.py	12447	0644	edit dl rm
calendar.py	24832	0644	edit dl rm
cgi.py	33932	0755	edit dl rm
cgitb.py	12096	0644	edit dl rm
chunk.py	5435	0644	edit dl rm
cmd.py	14860	0644	edit dl rm
code.py	10622	0644	edit dl rm
codecs.py	36673	0644	edit dl rm
codeop.py	6326	0644	edit dl rm
colorsys.py	4064	0644	edit dl rm
compileall.py	20105	0644	edit dl rm
configparser.py	54584	0644	edit dl rm
contextlib.py	24624	0644	edit dl rm
contextvars.py	129	0644	edit dl rm
copy.py	8650	0644	edit dl rm
copyreg.py	7274	0644	edit dl rm
cProfile.py	6345	0755	edit dl rm
crypt.py	3819	0644	edit dl rm
csv.py	16144	0644	edit dl rm
dataclasses.py	49586	0644	edit dl rm
datetime.py	89177	0644	edit dl rm
decimal.py	320	0644	edit dl rm
difflib.py	83307	0644	edit dl rm
dis.py	20570	0644	edit dl rm
doctest.py	104568	0644	edit dl rm
enum.py	39440	0644	edit dl rm
filecmp.py	10024	0644	edit dl rm
fileinput.py	14791	0644	edit dl rm
fnmatch.py	6004	0644	edit dl rm
formatter.py	15143	0644	edit dl rm
fractions.py	24323	0644	edit dl rm
ftplib.py	35496	0644	edit dl rm
functools.py	38881	0644	edit dl rm
genericpath.py	5246	0644	edit dl rm
getopt.py	7489	0644	edit dl rm
getpass.py	5990	0644	edit dl rm
gettext.py	27266	0644	edit dl rm
glob.py	5823	0644	edit dl rm
graphlib.py	9573	0644	edit dl rm
gzip.py	21772	0644	edit dl rm
hashlib.py	8069	0644	edit dl rm
heapq.py	22877	0644	edit dl rm
hmac.py	8043	0644	edit dl rm
imaplib.py	55256	0644	edit dl rm
imghdr.py	3808	0644	edit dl rm
imp.py	10536	0644	edit dl rm
inspect.py	118235	0644	edit dl rm
io.py	3541	0644	edit dl rm
ipaddress.py	80924	0644	edit dl rm
keyword.py	1047	0644	edit dl rm
LICENSE.txt	13937	0644	edit dl rm
linecache.py	5461	0644	edit dl rm
locale.py	78271	0644	edit dl rm
lzma.py	13231	0644	edit dl rm
mailbox.py	78794	0644	edit dl rm
mailcap.py	9116	0644	edit dl rm
mimetypes.py	21564	0644	edit dl rm
modulefinder.py	24401	0644	edit dl rm
netrc.py	5566	0644	edit dl rm
nntplib.py	41023	0644	edit dl rm
ntpath.py	26460	0644	edit dl rm
nturl2path.py	2887	0644	edit dl rm
numbers.py	10338	0644	edit dl rm
opcode.py	5660	0644	edit dl rm
operator.py	10751	0644	edit dl rm
optparse.py	60369	0644	edit dl rm
os.py	39065	0644	edit dl rm
pathlib.py	51134	0644	edit dl rm
pdb.py	63237	0755	edit dl rm
pickle.py	64920	0644	edit dl rm
pickletools.py	93486	0644	edit dl rm
pipes.py	8916	0644	edit dl rm
pkgutil.py	24276	0644	edit dl rm
platform.py	40601	0755	edit dl rm
plistlib.py	28248	0644	edit dl rm
poplib.py	15198	0644	edit dl rm
posixpath.py	16146	0644	edit dl rm
pprint.py	22527	0644	edit dl rm
profile.py	22881	0755	edit dl rm
pstats.py	29326	0644	edit dl rm
pty.py	4807	0644	edit dl rm
pyclbr.py	15255	0644	edit dl rm
pydoc.py	109599	0755	edit dl rm
py_compile.py	8203	0644	edit dl rm
queue.py	11496	0644	edit dl rm
quopri.py	7266	0755	edit dl rm
random.py	31484	0644	edit dl rm
re.py	15861	0644	edit dl rm
reprlib.py	5267	0644	edit dl rm
rlcompleter.py	7648	0644	edit dl rm
runpy.py	13084	0644	edit dl rm
sched.py	6442	0644	edit dl rm
secrets.py	2036	0644	edit dl rm
selectors.py	19536	0644	edit dl rm
shelve.py	8527	0644	edit dl rm
shlex.py	13501	0644	edit dl rm
shutil.py	53030	0644	edit dl rm
signal.py	2438	0644	edit dl rm
site.py	22085	0644	edit dl rm
smtpd.py	34821	0755	edit dl rm
smtplib.py	45405	0755	edit dl rm
sndhdr.py	7099	0644	edit dl rm
socket.py	36915	0644	edit dl rm
socketserver.py	27296	0644	edit dl rm
sre_compile.py	27973	0644	edit dl rm
sre_constants.py	7177	0644	edit dl rm
sre_parse.py	40779	0644	edit dl rm
ssl.py	52622	0644	edit dl rm
stat.py	5485	0644	edit dl rm
statistics.py	38067	0644	edit dl rm
string.py	10566	0644	edit dl rm
stringprep.py	12917	0644	edit dl rm
struct.py	257	0644	edit dl rm
subprocess.py	83564	0644	edit dl rm
sunau.py	18158	0644	edit dl rm
symbol.py	2281	0644	edit dl rm
symtable.py	7905	0644	edit dl rm
sysconfig.py	25557	0644	edit dl rm
tabnanny.py	11406	0755	edit dl rm
tarfile.py	112939	0755	edit dl rm
telnetlib.py	23254	0644	edit dl rm
tempfile.py	27963	0644	edit dl rm
textwrap.py	19407	0644	edit dl rm
this.py	1003	0644	edit dl rm
threading.py	54176	0644	edit dl rm
timeit.py	13480	0755	edit dl rm
token.py	2368	0644	edit dl rm
tokenize.py	25883	0644	edit dl rm
trace.py	29207	0755	edit dl rm
traceback.py	24660	0644	edit dl rm
tracemalloc.py	18047	0644	edit dl rm
tty.py	879	0644	edit dl rm
types.py	9785	0644	edit dl rm
typing.py	77044	0644	edit dl rm
uu.py	7277	0644	edit dl rm
uuid.py	27324	0644	edit dl rm
warnings.py	19688	0644	edit dl rm
wave.py	18004	0644	edit dl rm
weakref.py	21560	0644	edit dl rm
webbrowser.py	24083	0755	edit dl rm
xdrlib.py	5913	0644	edit dl rm
zipapp.py	7535	0644	edit dl rm
zipfile.py	88899	0644	edit dl rm
zipimport.py	30765	0644	edit dl rm
_aix_support.py	3389	0644	edit dl rm
_bootlocale.py	1801	0644	edit dl rm
_bootsubprocess.py	2675	0644	edit dl rm
_collections_abc.py	29374	0644	edit dl rm
_compat_pickle.py	8749	0644	edit dl rm
_compression.py	5340	0644	edit dl rm
_markupbase.py	14623	0644	edit dl rm
_osx_support.py	21773	0644	edit dl rm
_pydecimal.py	228666	0644	edit dl rm
_pyio.py	93316	0644	edit dl rm
_py_abc.py	6189	0644	edit dl rm
_sitebuiltins.py	3115	0644	edit dl rm
_strptime.py	25277	0644	edit dl rm
_sysconfigdata__linux_x86_64-linux-gnu.py	41236	0644	edit dl rm
_threading_local.py	7220	0644	edit dl rm
_weakrefset.py	5923	0644	edit dl rm
__future__.py	5147	0644	edit dl rm
__phello__.foo.py	64	0644	edit dl rm

Edit: /usr/lib64/python3.9/gzip.py (21772B)

"""Functions that read and write gzipped files.

The user of the file doesn't have to worry about the compression,
but random access is not allowed."""

# based on Andrew Kuchling's minigzip.py distributed with the zlib module

import struct, sys, time, os
import zlib
import builtins
import io
import _compression

__all__ = ["BadGzipFile", "GzipFile", "open", "compress", "decompress"]

FTEXT, FHCRC, FEXTRA, FNAME, FCOMMENT = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16

READ, WRITE = 1, 2

_COMPRESS_LEVEL_FAST = 1
_COMPRESS_LEVEL_TRADEOFF = 6
_COMPRESS_LEVEL_BEST = 9

def open(filename, mode="rb", compresslevel=_COMPRESS_LEVEL_BEST,
         encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None):
    """Open a gzip-compressed file in binary or text mode.

The filename argument can be an actual filename (a str or bytes object), or
    an existing file object to read from or write to.

The mode argument can be "r", "rb", "w", "wb", "x", "xb", "a" or "ab" for
    binary mode, or "rt", "wt", "xt" or "at" for text mode. The default mode is
    "rb", and the default compresslevel is 9.

For binary mode, this function is equivalent to the GzipFile constructor:
    GzipFile(filename, mode, compresslevel). In this case, the encoding, errors
    and newline arguments must not be provided.

For text mode, a GzipFile object is created, and wrapped in an
    io.TextIOWrapper instance with the specified encoding, error handling
    behavior, and line ending(s).

"""
    if "t" in mode:
        if "b" in mode:
            raise ValueError("Invalid mode: %r" % (mode,))
    else:
        if encoding is not None:
            raise ValueError("Argument 'encoding' not supported in binary mode")
        if errors is not None:
            raise ValueError("Argument 'errors' not supported in binary mode")
        if newline is not None:
            raise ValueError("Argument 'newline' not supported in binary mode")

gz_mode = mode.replace("t", "")
    if isinstance(filename, (str, bytes, os.PathLike)):
        binary_file = GzipFile(filename, gz_mode, compresslevel)
    elif hasattr(filename, "read") or hasattr(filename, "write"):
        binary_file = GzipFile(None, gz_mode, compresslevel, filename)
    else:
        raise TypeError("filename must be a str or bytes object, or a file")

if "t" in mode:
        return io.TextIOWrapper(binary_file, encoding, errors, newline)
    else:
        return binary_file

def write32u(output, value):
    # The L format writes the bit pattern correctly whether signed
    # or unsigned.
    output.write(struct.pack("<L", value))

class _PaddedFile:
    """Minimal read-only file object that prepends a string to the contents
    of an actual file. Shouldn't be used outside of gzip.py, as it lacks
    essential functionality."""

def __init__(self, f, prepend=b''):
        self._buffer = prepend
        self._length = len(prepend)
        self.file = f
        self._read = 0

def read(self, size):
        if self._read is None:
            return self.file.read(size)
        if self._read + size <= self._length:
            read = self._read
            self._read += size
            return self._buffer[read:self._read]
        else:
            read = self._read
            self._read = None
            return self._buffer[read:] + \
                   self.file.read(size-self._length+read)

def prepend(self, prepend=b''):
        if self._read is None:
            self._buffer = prepend
        else:  # Assume data was read since the last prepend() call
            self._read -= len(prepend)
            return
        self._length = len(self._buffer)
        self._read = 0

def seek(self, off):
        self._read = None
        self._buffer = None
        return self.file.seek(off)

def seekable(self):
        return True  # Allows fast-forwarding even in unseekable streams

class BadGzipFile(OSError):
    """Exception raised in some cases for invalid gzip files."""

class GzipFile(_compression.BaseStream):
    """The GzipFile class simulates most of the methods of a file object with
    the exception of the truncate() method.

This class only supports opening files in binary mode. If you need to open a
    compressed file in text mode, use the gzip.open() function.

"""

# Overridden with internal file object to be closed, if only a filename
    # is passed in
    myfileobj = None

def __init__(self, filename=None, mode=None,
                 compresslevel=_COMPRESS_LEVEL_BEST, fileobj=None, mtime=None):
        """Constructor for the GzipFile class.

At least one of fileobj and filename must be given a
        non-trivial value.

The new class instance is based on fileobj, which can be a regular
        file, an io.BytesIO object, or any other object which simulates a file.
        It defaults to None, in which case filename is opened to provide
        a file object.

When fileobj is not None, the filename argument is only used to be
        included in the gzip file header, which may include the original
        filename of the uncompressed file.  It defaults to the filename of
        fileobj, if discernible; otherwise, it defaults to the empty string,
        and in this case the original filename is not included in the header.

The mode argument can be any of 'r', 'rb', 'a', 'ab', 'w', 'wb', 'x', or
        'xb' depending on whether the file will be read or written.  The default
        is the mode of fileobj if discernible; otherwise, the default is 'rb'.
        A mode of 'r' is equivalent to one of 'rb', and similarly for 'w' and
        'wb', 'a' and 'ab', and 'x' and 'xb'.

The compresslevel argument is an integer from 0 to 9 controlling the
        level of compression; 1 is fastest and produces the least compression,
        and 9 is slowest and produces the most compression. 0 is no compression
        at all. The default is 9.

The mtime argument is an optional numeric timestamp to be written
        to the last modification time field in the stream when compressing.
        If omitted or None, the current time is used.

"""

if mode and ('t' in mode or 'U' in mode):
            raise ValueError("Invalid mode: {!r}".format(mode))
        if mode and 'b' not in mode:
            mode += 'b'
        if fileobj is None:
            fileobj = self.myfileobj = builtins.open(filename, mode or 'rb')
        if filename is None:
            filename = getattr(fileobj, 'name', '')
            if not isinstance(filename, (str, bytes)):
                filename = ''
        else:
            filename = os.fspath(filename)
        origmode = mode
        if mode is None:
            mode = getattr(fileobj, 'mode', 'rb')

if mode.startswith('r'):
            self.mode = READ
            raw = _GzipReader(fileobj)
            self._buffer = io.BufferedReader(raw)
            self.name = filename

elif mode.startswith(('w', 'a', 'x')):
            if origmode is None:
                import warnings
                warnings.warn(
                    "GzipFile was opened for writing, but this will "
                    "change in future Python releases.  "
                    "Specify the mode argument for opening it for writing.",
                    FutureWarning, 2)
            self.mode = WRITE
            self._init_write(filename)
            self.compress = zlib.compressobj(compresslevel,
                                             zlib.DEFLATED,
                                             -zlib.MAX_WBITS,
                                             zlib.DEF_MEM_LEVEL,
                                             0)
            self._write_mtime = mtime
        else:
            raise ValueError("Invalid mode: {!r}".format(mode))

self.fileobj = fileobj

if self.mode == WRITE:
            self._write_gzip_header(compresslevel)

@property
    def filename(self):
        import warnings
        warnings.warn("use the name attribute", DeprecationWarning, 2)
        if self.mode == WRITE and self.name[-3:] != ".gz":
            return self.name + ".gz"
        return self.name

@property
    def mtime(self):
        """Last modification time read from stream, or None"""
        return self._buffer.raw._last_mtime

def __repr__(self):
        s = repr(self.fileobj)
        return '<gzip ' + s[1:-1] + ' ' + hex(id(self)) + '>'

def _init_write(self, filename):
        self.name = filename
        self.crc = zlib.crc32(b"")
        self.size = 0
        self.writebuf = []
        self.bufsize = 0
        self.offset = 0  # Current file offset for seek(), tell(), etc

def _write_gzip_header(self, compresslevel):
        self.fileobj.write(b'\037\213')             # magic header
        self.fileobj.write(b'\010')                 # compression method
        try:
            # RFC 1952 requires the FNAME field to be Latin-1. Do not
            # include filenames that cannot be represented that way.
            fname = os.path.basename(self.name)
            if not isinstance(fname, bytes):
                fname = fname.encode('latin-1')
            if fname.endswith(b'.gz'):
                fname = fname[:-3]
        except UnicodeEncodeError:
            fname = b''
        flags = 0
        if fname:
            flags = FNAME
        self.fileobj.write(chr(flags).encode('latin-1'))
        mtime = self._write_mtime
        if mtime is None:
            mtime = time.time()
        write32u(self.fileobj, int(mtime))
        if compresslevel == _COMPRESS_LEVEL_BEST:
            xfl = b'\002'
        elif compresslevel == _COMPRESS_LEVEL_FAST:
            xfl = b'\004'
        else:
            xfl = b'\000'
        self.fileobj.write(xfl)
        self.fileobj.write(b'\377')
        if fname:
            self.fileobj.write(fname + b'\000')

def write(self,data):
        self._check_not_closed()
        if self.mode != WRITE:
            import errno
            raise OSError(errno.EBADF, "write() on read-only GzipFile object")

if self.fileobj is None:
            raise ValueError("write() on closed GzipFile object")

if isinstance(data, bytes):
            length = len(data)
        else:
            # accept any data that supports the buffer protocol
            data = memoryview(data)
            length = data.nbytes

if length > 0:
            self.fileobj.write(self.compress.compress(data))
            self.size += length
            self.crc = zlib.crc32(data, self.crc)
            self.offset += length

return length

def read(self, size=-1):
        self._check_not_closed()
        if self.mode != READ:
            import errno
            raise OSError(errno.EBADF, "read() on write-only GzipFile object")
        return self._buffer.read(size)

def read1(self, size=-1):
        """Implements BufferedIOBase.read1()

Reads up to a buffer's worth of data if size is negative."""
        self._check_not_closed()
        if self.mode != READ:
            import errno
            raise OSError(errno.EBADF, "read1() on write-only GzipFile object")

if size < 0:
            size = io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE
        return self._buffer.read1(size)

def peek(self, n):
        self._check_not_closed()
        if self.mode != READ:
            import errno
            raise OSError(errno.EBADF, "peek() on write-only GzipFile object")
        return self._buffer.peek(n)

@property
    def closed(self):
        return self.fileobj is None

def close(self):
        fileobj = self.fileobj
        if fileobj is None:
            return
        self.fileobj = None
        try:
            if self.mode == WRITE:
                fileobj.write(self.compress.flush())
                write32u(fileobj, self.crc)
                # self.size may exceed 2 GiB, or even 4 GiB
                write32u(fileobj, self.size & 0xffffffff)
            elif self.mode == READ:
                self._buffer.close()
        finally:
            myfileobj = self.myfileobj
            if myfileobj:
                self.myfileobj = None
                myfileobj.close()

def flush(self,zlib_mode=zlib.Z_SYNC_FLUSH):
        self._check_not_closed()
        if self.mode == WRITE:
            # Ensure the compressor's buffer is flushed
            self.fileobj.write(self.compress.flush(zlib_mode))
            self.fileobj.flush()

def fileno(self):
        """Invoke the underlying file object's fileno() method.

This will raise AttributeError if the underlying file object
        doesn't support fileno().
        """
        return self.fileobj.fileno()

def rewind(self):
        '''Return the uncompressed stream file position indicator to the
        beginning of the file'''
        if self.mode != READ:
            raise OSError("Can't rewind in write mode")
        self._buffer.seek(0)

def readable(self):
        return self.mode == READ

def writable(self):
        return self.mode == WRITE

def seekable(self):
        return True

def seek(self, offset, whence=io.SEEK_SET):
        if self.mode == WRITE:
            if whence != io.SEEK_SET:
                if whence == io.SEEK_CUR:
                    offset = self.offset + offset
                else:
                    raise ValueError('Seek from end not supported')
            if offset < self.offset:
                raise OSError('Negative seek in write mode')
            count = offset - self.offset
            chunk = b'\0' * 1024
            for i in range(count // 1024):
                self.write(chunk)
            self.write(b'\0' * (count % 1024))
        elif self.mode == READ:
            self._check_not_closed()
            return self._buffer.seek(offset, whence)

return self.offset

def readline(self, size=-1):
        self._check_not_closed()
        return self._buffer.readline(size)

class _GzipReader(_compression.DecompressReader):
    def __init__(self, fp):
        super().__init__(_PaddedFile(fp), zlib.decompressobj,
                         wbits=-zlib.MAX_WBITS)
        # Set flag indicating start of a new member
        self._new_member = True
        self._last_mtime = None

def _init_read(self):
        self._crc = zlib.crc32(b"")
        self._stream_size = 0  # Decompressed size of unconcatenated stream

def _read_exact(self, n):
        '''Read exactly *n* bytes from `self._fp`

This method is required because self._fp may be unbuffered,
        i.e. return short reads.
        '''

data = self._fp.read(n)
        while len(data) < n:
            b = self._fp.read(n - len(data))
            if not b:
                raise EOFError("Compressed file ended before the "
                               "end-of-stream marker was reached")
            data += b
        return data

def _read_gzip_header(self):
        magic = self._fp.read(2)
        if magic == b'':
            return False

if magic != b'\037\213':
            raise BadGzipFile('Not a gzipped file (%r)' % magic)

(method, flag,
         self._last_mtime) = struct.unpack("<BBIxx", self._read_exact(8))
        if method != 8:
            raise BadGzipFile('Unknown compression method')

if flag & FEXTRA:
            # Read & discard the extra field, if present
            extra_len, = struct.unpack("<H", self._read_exact(2))
            self._read_exact(extra_len)
        if flag & FNAME:
            # Read and discard a null-terminated string containing the filename
            while True:
                s = self._fp.read(1)
                if not s or s==b'\000':
                    break
        if flag & FCOMMENT:
            # Read and discard a null-terminated string containing a comment
            while True:
                s = self._fp.read(1)
                if not s or s==b'\000':
                    break
        if flag & FHCRC:
            self._read_exact(2)     # Read & discard the 16-bit header CRC
        return True

def read(self, size=-1):
        if size < 0:
            return self.readall()
        # size=0 is special because decompress(max_length=0) is not supported
        if not size:
            return b""

# For certain input data, a single
        # call to decompress() may not return
        # any data. In this case, retry until we get some data or reach EOF.
        while True:
            if self._decompressor.eof:
                # Ending case: we've come to the end of a member in the file,
                # so finish up this member, and read a new gzip header.
                # Check the CRC and file size, and set the flag so we read
                # a new member
                self._read_eof()
                self._new_member = True
                self._decompressor = self._decomp_factory(
                    **self._decomp_args)

if self._new_member:
                # If the _new_member flag is set, we have to
                # jump to the next member, if there is one.
                self._init_read()
                if not self._read_gzip_header():
                    self._size = self._pos
                    return b""
                self._new_member = False

# Read a chunk of data from the file
            buf = self._fp.read(io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE)

uncompress = self._decompressor.decompress(buf, size)
            if self._decompressor.unconsumed_tail != b"":
                self._fp.prepend(self._decompressor.unconsumed_tail)
            elif self._decompressor.unused_data != b"":
                # Prepend the already read bytes to the fileobj so they can
                # be seen by _read_eof() and _read_gzip_header()
                self._fp.prepend(self._decompressor.unused_data)

if uncompress != b"":
                break
            if buf == b"":
                raise EOFError("Compressed file ended before the "
                               "end-of-stream marker was reached")

self._add_read_data( uncompress )
        self._pos += len(uncompress)
        return uncompress

def _add_read_data(self, data):
        self._crc = zlib.crc32(data, self._crc)
        self._stream_size = self._stream_size + len(data)

def _read_eof(self):
        # We've read to the end of the file
        # We check that the computed CRC and size of the
        # uncompressed data matches the stored values.  Note that the size
        # stored is the true file size mod 2**32.
        crc32, isize = struct.unpack("<II", self._read_exact(8))
        if crc32 != self._crc:
            raise BadGzipFile("CRC check failed %s != %s" % (hex(crc32),
                                                             hex(self._crc)))
        elif isize != (self._stream_size & 0xffffffff):
            raise BadGzipFile("Incorrect length of data produced")

# Gzip files can be padded with zeroes and still have archives.
        # Consume all zero bytes and set the file position to the first
        # non-zero byte. See http://www.gzip.org/#faq8
        c = b"\x00"
        while c == b"\x00":
            c = self._fp.read(1)
        if c:
            self._fp.prepend(c)

def _rewind(self):
        super()._rewind()
        self._new_member = True

def compress(data, compresslevel=_COMPRESS_LEVEL_BEST, *, mtime=None):
    """Compress data in one shot and return the compressed string.
    Optional argument is the compression level, in range of 0-9.
    """
    buf = io.BytesIO()
    with GzipFile(fileobj=buf, mode='wb', compresslevel=compresslevel, mtime=mtime) as f:
        f.write(data)
    return buf.getvalue()

def decompress(data):
    """Decompress a gzip compressed string in one shot.
    Return the decompressed string.
    """
    with GzipFile(fileobj=io.BytesIO(data)) as f:
        return f.read()

def main():
    from argparse import ArgumentParser
    parser = ArgumentParser(description=
        "A simple command line interface for the gzip module: act like gzip, "
        "but do not delete the input file.")
    group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
    group.add_argument('--fast', action='store_true', help='compress faster')
    group.add_argument('--best', action='store_true', help='compress better')
    group.add_argument("-d", "--decompress", action="store_true",
                        help="act like gunzip instead of gzip")

parser.add_argument("args", nargs="*", default=["-"], metavar='file')
    args = parser.parse_args()

compresslevel = _COMPRESS_LEVEL_TRADEOFF
    if args.fast:
        compresslevel = _COMPRESS_LEVEL_FAST
    elif args.best:
        compresslevel = _COMPRESS_LEVEL_BEST

for arg in args.args:
        if args.decompress:
            if arg == "-":
                f = GzipFile(filename="", mode="rb", fileobj=sys.stdin.buffer)
                g = sys.stdout.buffer
            else:
                if arg[-3:] != ".gz":
                    sys.exit(f"filename doesn't end in .gz: {arg!r}")
                f = open(arg, "rb")
                g = builtins.open(arg[:-3], "wb")
        else:
            if arg == "-":
                f = sys.stdin.buffer
                g = GzipFile(filename="", mode="wb", fileobj=sys.stdout.buffer,
                             compresslevel=compresslevel)
            else:
                f = builtins.open(arg, "rb")
                g = open(arg + ".gz", "wb")
        while True:
            chunk = f.read(1024)
            if not chunk:
                break
            g.write(chunk)
        if g is not sys.stdout.buffer:
            g.close()
        if f is not sys.stdin.buffer:
            f.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

cmd: